Means for utilizing electrically-transmitted impulses.



E. H. AMET.

MEANS FOR UTILIZING ELECTRICALLY TRANSMITTED IMPULSES. APPLICATION FILED MAR. 4, I916.

L wo Patented Ma 8,1912

Winesov iWzUemim {9 5 45? 1 r fiaiww d J? ig/"1165' EDWARD H. AMET, 0F REDONIDO BEACH, CALIFORNIA.

MEANS FOR UTILIZING ELECTRICALLY-TRANSMITTED IMPULSES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 8., 1917.

Application filed march 4, 1916. Serial No. 82,265.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDWARD H. AMET, a citizen of the United States, residing at Redondo Beach, in the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented a new and useful Means for Utilizing Electrically-Transmitted lmpulses, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to the art of inechanically reproducing impulses and is particularly applicable to telephone receivers in general, and more particularly to a telephone receiver adapted to operate soundrecording devices, step-up devices and rela s.

lleretofore it has been found impracticable to make a perfect sound record from a telephone receiver.

It has also been found impracticable to operate a step-up relay from the telephone receiver so as to accurately reproduce the original sound.

I have discovered that this is owing to the reversal of stress and reflex action set up in the telephone receiver and to over-vibration transmitted to the recording style or to the step-up device or relay as the casemay be. That is to say, I have discovered that the unsatisfactory results obtained by using an ordinary telephone receiver in connection with the recording device of a talking machine for producing a record of telephonically transmitted sound-waves, arise from the fact that heretofore the telephone receiver diaphragm, which receives its stress when attracted toward the actuated electromagnet, has been arranged in opposition to the talking machine recording diaphragm and therefore its electrically caused action produces an outward or retractive motion of the talking machine recording diaphragm relative to the record groove during the period of stress upon the telephone receiver diaphragm, thus lifting the recording style and retracting it from instead of driving it into the record device. Such operation is the opposite of that of making a sound record upon the sound-recording cylinder or disk, or other sound record device, directly from the original sound waves as is generally practised in making sound records. lin other words, l have discovered that in attempts heretofore made to produce a sound record by means actuated by a telephone receiver a push of the telephone receiver is expended in retracting the record style from, instead of impressing it into the material of the record device; thus operatmg in direct opposition to the original impulses "delivered to the telephone transmitter connectedwith such receiver, and that this operation produces a negative or reverse record of the minimum stress or reflex action of the telephone receiver diaphragm, thus preventing the production upon the record device, of a true record of the electricallytransmitted impulses.

An object of this invention is to provide for practically true mechanical reproduction of electrically-transmitted mechanicallyproduced'impulses such as sound-waves and the like.

My newly-discovered method of utilizing electrically transmitted wave impulses includes subjecting a telephone receiver diaphragm to the action of an electro-magnet operating under the action of such impulses,

cushioning one side of the diaphragm by an air cushion or the like, and collecting im- I pulses from the other side of the diaphragm. The impulses so collected may then be applied by suitable means as an air tube or passage or the like to the desired service; I

and may be employed through the recording mechanism of a talking machine recording apparatus, to produce a true record of the electrically-transmitted impulses.

Objects of this invention are to provide a telephone receiver for efi'ecting superior articulation; to secure greater accuracy in the reproduction of telephonic impulses;

and to provide a practical talking machinev recorder and step-up relay telephone re- CGIVBI'. d

An object is to produce a telephone recelver that will so operate a talking machine recording device as to produce a practically perfect record, from which practically perfeet reproduction of the human voice and other sounds and noises may be made; and

whereby it is made possible to perfectly record telephonic messages, through the mediumiofany form of sound-recording device at present known to me.

A principle of this invention which ll regard as broadly new and basic is the cushioning of the telephone receiver diaphragm by means having minimum inertia and momentum. This is carried out by making the diaphragm the movable member of a prop-, erl y proportioned air chamber so as to produce an eiiicient dash-pot whereby the movements of the diaphragm acting upon the air inclosed within the dash-pot will tend to make the diaphragm dead-beat, thus giving an' impulse to air in the impulse collecting chamber corresponding to the motion of the diaphragm without any oversustai'ned tone. That is to say, the overtone which would beset up by the diaphragm undamped, is practically eliminated, so that the sound represented by the electrical impulses is accurately reproduced.

I regard this invention as broad and basic in that I provide means for damping a telephone receiver diaphragm, which means consists of a dash-pot the movable wall of which is formed by the diaphragm to be damped. That is to say, I provide at one side of the diaphragm an air dash-potformed by a practically closed, or, in other words a nearly closed air chamber in which the diaphragm acts as the dash-pot piston.

in order that said air chamber shall operate as a dash-pot to damp the diaphragm the chamber is made of a limited size having a determined relation to the impulses received by the diaphragm; said chamber containing a proportionate volume of air adapted to produce a dash-pot action upon the diaphragm by both pressure and vacuum created by movement of the diaphragm and in due proportion thereto, thus damping the diaphragm action and preventing overvibration of the diaphragm as the same is actuated by the electro-magnets.

The invention may be adapted in various ways to usual telephone receiver constructions; and preferably the device is constructed with an air dash-pot, of which the receiver diaphragm constitutes the moving member; there being an impulse collecting chamber with impulse outlet therefrom. arranged on the side of the diaphragm opposite to the dash-pot chamber.

The impulse outlet in all instances must be on the side of the diaphragm opposite to phone receiverdiaphragm. In other wordsy it is preferable that the diaphragm, when attracted b the magnet, shall efi'ect a compresslon o the air in the chamber having the outlet; and that the reflex action of the diaphragm shall reestablish the normal pressure.

maaaoe I do not confine myself to any specific construction and shall illustrate the inventlon as applied with an air dash-pot on the side the electrical transmitter that is in operable' connection with the telephone receiver.

Other objects and advantages may appear from the annexed drawings and the subjoineddetail description and claims.

The accompanying drawings illustrate the invention.

F igure 1 is a mid-sectional elevation of a talking -Inachine recording telephone receiver constructed in accordance with this invention and applied to the work of making a talking machine record from electrically transmitted impulses.

7 Fig. 2 is a plan of the device shown in Fig. 1 omitting the dash-pot side of the housing and some well known parts.

Fig. 3 is an inside view of the impulse collecting and outlet side of the housing detached.

Fig. 4 is a section on line .00 Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow.

Fig. 5 is a fragmental section analogous to Fig. 1 showing the construction with dash-pot of pre-determined size, having a fixed air vent.

The telephone receiver comprises a housing preferably constructed of two members asshown, there being a cushionor dash-pot-forming side or cap 1 and an impulse-chamber-and-outlet-forming side 2 detachablysecured together by any suitable means as by the threaded portions 3.

A diaphragm 4 is secured in the housing by any suitable means as by rubber gaskets 5, 6, compressed between the members 1, 2, and arranged at the rim of the diaphragm and supporting the same, sothat the diaphragm is free to move; said gaskets being clamped between the housing members 1, 2, so that the diaphragm is yieldingly held by a non-resonant support formed by the compressed rubber gaskets 5, 6.

The diaphragm and the housing member 1 form the dash-pot chamber 7 on one side of the diaphragm. The usual telephone receiver eleotro-magnet 8 is located ong'the other or second side of the diaphragm; there being an impulse chamber 9 on the side of the diaphragm opposite to the dash-pot.

There is provided from said impulse chamber 9 an impulse outlet 10; and the electro-magnet and impulse chamber are preferably arranged on the same side of the diaphragni therewith, so that in responding to the impulse of the electro-magnet, the diaphragm-will operate under the direct control of the dash-pot, and the impulses from the diaphragm, as set up in the impulse chamber, will be in the direction of and will accord in direction, duration and relative intensity with the impulses received by the diaphragm.

The member 2 is preferably made of sufficient depth to accommodate the two members of the electro-magnet Sand is provided with orifices 11 to receive the electro-magnet stems 12, and after the electro-magnets are mounted in said member 2 the cavity of the member. is filled with a wax or other suitable filling 13.

The member 2 is provided with an orifice 14 to receive an impulse outlet pipe 15 Which is a hollow tube and is screwed into the opening 14. The outlet conduit may be formed in any desired way through the wax filling and communicates with the bore of the pipe 15. Said pipe forms a connecting medium between the member 2 and the talking machine recording means 16 that may be of any approved construction. An ordinary phonograph recording means is shown in this instance.

The permanent magnet 17 is connected with the members of the electro-magnet 8 and the member 2 in the usual way; and the style 18 and its connections are of the usual construction. The record device 19 may also be of any approved construction.

In the drawings I have shown the dashpot chamber 7 regulable in capacity by an adjustablescrew plug 20, screwed into a hollow boss 21 of the member 1 and provided with a vent 22 closed by a screw 23 so that in the form shown the internal dimensions of the chamber 7 may be adjusted by screwing the plug while the vent 21 1 is open so that the normal pressure inside the chamber will be atmospheric pressure. Then the screw 23 may be screwed into the vent 22 thus nearly sealing the dash-pot chamber 7. In practical manufacture, however, it is assumed that the internal dimensions of the chamber 7 when once established for a determined diaphragm will not require adjustment or regulation; and in that case the cover is nearlyclosed and the regulating plug 20 is omitted as shown in Fig. 5.

In a sound recording device actuated telephone receiver constructedin accordance with this invention and operated in connection with a talking machine recording device, and in which the dash-pot chamber was about 1/16 inch deep from face of diaphragm to inside wall of the cover, the depth of the impulse chamber 9 around the magnet being about the same as that of the dash-pot and the magnet being spaced from the diaphragm as in usual practice.

The cubic capacity of the dash-pot chamber to a practical working limit is such that the action of the diaphragm will produce pressure and vacuum upon the air volume in the dash-pot chamber sufliciently to pr-ac tically dampen the movements of the diaphragm.

The permanent air vent 22 in the dashpot chamber of Fig. 5 is of limited size proportioned to the maximum movement of the diaphragm and is for the purpose of relicving pressure and-vacuum impulses alike and preventing confined air or muffled action without impairing the dash-pot action.

In practical operation the impulses of the electrically operated diaphragm are imparted to the air in the impulse chamber and transmitted through the medium thereof and the air in the outlet 10 to the usual talking machine recording means 16, which operates the style 18 to produce the record of the recording device 19.

The style 18 will thus be operated directly in synchronism with the telephone receiver diaphragm to-and-fro movement.

The recording device style 18 is thus opl erated in the same direction as the telephone receiver diaphragm, and with corresponding stress.

I claim:

1. The combination with a telephone receiver diaphragm and electromagnetic means for operating said diaphragm, of dash-pot forming means containing air open to atmospheric pressure, means to regulate the size of the chamber, and means to nearly close the opening to the atmosphere.

2. A telephone receiver comprising a housing and a diaphragm mounted therein, said housing and diaphragm forming a 115 dash-pot, of which the diaphragm constitutes the movable member, an electro-magnet in operable relation to the diaphragm, a col- .lecting chamber and an outlet therefrom on the same side of the diaphragm with the electro-magnet.

3. A telephone receiver comprising a housing; a diaphragm in the housing, said housing and diaphragm forming a dash-pot chamber on one side of the diaphragm; an electro-magnet on the other side of the diaphragm, there being an impulse chamber on the same side of the diaphragm with the electrdmagnetand an impulse outlet from said impulse chamber.

4. The combination with a telephone rev ceiver electro-magnet, of a diaphragm in operable relation-thereto, a housing inclosing the diaphragm and forming a practically closed air chamber on the side thereof opposite the electro-magnet and also forming a second air chamber on the same side with said electro-magnet, and an impulse outlet from the second air chamber.

5. In a telephone receiver comprising a diaphragm, an electro-magnet, a collecting chamber and an impulse outlet all on the same side of the diaphragm, a dash-pot chamber on the side of the diaphragm opposite to the electro-magnet.

6.111 a telephone receiver comprising a diaphragm, an electro-magnet and collecting chamber; an impulse outlet on one side of the'diaphragm, and a dash-pot on the side of the diaphragm opposite to the electro-magnet. v

7. In a telephone receiver comprising a diaphragm and an electro-magnet and collecting chamber, an impulse chamber and outlet on the same side of the diaphragm "with the electro-magnet; air dash-pot means in opposition to the electro-mag'net to damp over-vibration of said diaphragm.

8. The combination with a telephone receiver diaphragm and electro-magnetic means for actuating said diaphragm, of means to form a dash-pot chamber on one side of the diaphragm, said means being provided with an air vent of limited size proportioned to the maximum movement of the diaphragm and adapted to relieve pressure and vacuum impulses alike and prevent confined air or mufiled action without impairing the dash-pot action, the diaphragm being open to the atmosphere on the other s1 e.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at Los Angeles, California, this 28th day of February 1916.

EDWARD H. 'AMET. 

